Nucleophilic aromatic substitution of hydrogen and related reactions

The classical concept of nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S_NAr^ipso) has been complemented with a new synthetic methodology (S^N_H), enabling one to build new carbon–carbon C(sp²)–C(sp³), C(sp²)–C(sp²) and C(sp²)–C(sp) or carbon–heteroatom C(sp²)–X (X is O, N, P, S, halogen) bonds through nucleophilic displacement of hydrogen in an aromatic ring.