Abstract:
In this work we study the spectral properties of the operator acting in the Hilbert space L2[0,2π] defined by the differential expression Ly=−¨y+y and nonlocal boundary conditions
y(0)=y(2π)+2π∫0a0(t)y(t)dt,˙y(0)=˙y(2π)+2π∫0a1(t)y(t)dt.
Here a0 and a1 are functions from L2[0,2π].
To investigate spectrum of the operator, L is used adjoint of the operator L∗ one defined by the differential expression (L∗x)(t)=(Ax)(t)−(Bx)(t) and boundary conditions
x(0)=x(2π),˙x(0)=˙x(2π),
with A generated by the differential expression Ax=−¨x+x with the domain
D(A)={x∈L2[0,2π]:x,˙x∈C[0,2π],¨x∈L2[0,2π],
x(0)=x(2π),˙x(0)=˙x(2π)},
and (Bx)(t)=˙x(2π)a0(t)−x(2π)a1(t),t∈[0,2π],x∈D(A).
As a method of studying the spectral properties of the operator A−B the similar operators method serves.
One of the main results is the following theorem.
Theorem 3.
Let functions a0 and a1 of bounded variation on a segment [0,2π] and sequences γ1,γ2:N→R+=[0,∞) defined by formulas:
γ1(n)=(α20n4+1n6+4n2∑m⩾1m≠nn4+m4m2|n2−m2|2)1/2<∞,
γ2(n)=2max
and
\alpha_0 = \sqrt{\frac{|a_0^0|^2 + |a_1^0|^2}{2}},\quad a_0^0 = \frac{1}{\pi}\int\limits_0^{2\pi}a_0(t)dt, \quad a_1^0 = \frac{1}{\pi}\int\limits_0^{2\pi}a_1(t)dt.
Let conditions \lim\limits_{n\to \infty} \gamma_1(n) = 0, \lim\limits_{n\to \infty} \gamma_2(n) = 0 hold true. Then the spectrum \sigma(A - B) of operator A - B can be represented as
\sigma(A - B) = \bigcup\limits_{n \ge 1}\widetilde {\sigma}_n
where \widetilde {\sigma}_n, ~ n \ge 1, — no more than set of two points. Provided that the estimates:
\Biggl|\widetilde{\lambda}_{n} - (n^2 + 1) ~ + ~ \frac{(-1)^n}{2}\Biggl| ~ \le ~ c\cdot\frac{\ln{n}}{n},
where \widetilde{\lambda}_n — the weighted mean of eigenvalues in \widetilde {\sigma}_n.
Equally satisfy estimates:
\Biggl(\int\limits_0^{2\pi}\Biggl|(\widetilde{P}_{n}x)(t) - \frac{1}{\pi}\Biggl(\int\limits_0^{2\pi}x(t)\cos{nt}dt\Biggr)\cos{nt} ~ -
- ~ \frac{1}{\pi}\Biggl(\int\limits_0^{2\pi}x(t)\sin{nt}dt\Biggr)\sin{nt}\Biggr|^{2}dt\Biggr)^{1/2} \le c(n)\gamma_1(n), ~ n \ge 1,
for some sequence c>0 where \lim\limits_{n\to \infty} c(n) = 1. Here \widetilde{P}_{n} is the Riesz projector constructed by spectral of set \widetilde{\sigma}_{n} of operator A - B.
Keywords:
eigenvalues, operator spectrum, differential operator of second order operator, spectrum asymptotic, similar operators method.
Citation:
A. N. Shelkovoy, “Spectral properties of second order differential operator determined by non-local boundary conditions”, Mathematical Physics and Computer Simulation, 21:4 (2018), 18–33